Yes, some powders seem to be more sensitive to temperature. For me, it was IMR 4198. I believe Hodgdons makes mention of some of their powders being less so.

When it gets really cold I guess you just warm the primers over an open fire?

My sight iron sight setting club 200 yard offhand matches varies as much as 2 moa below freezing to 90 degrees. Cold morning warming up mid day I may lower the sight 1 moa as it warms up.

It’s either a 38/55 or 32/40 barrel 4227 powder. Target is a steel ram hung on chains. It’s wide, wind not a big issue however it’s 10 moa high. My long run “average” hold is 7 moa.

That means elevation setting to exactly center makes a Difference. Push that 7 moa group higher or lower I will get some narrow misses. 40 shot match is decided by a single shot most times and top 3 finish by 2 targets. Best if shooters factor in temperature setting sights.

It’s not the whole story though. Iron sights with a post or post and bead light will make elevation differences in point of impact. Arpeture sight less so, it’s light error more in group size than elevation. It’s easy to blame differences on one, temperature when it’s the other, light.

Last I have seen the same sight errors and condition changes iron sight small bore prone at 50 meters and  BPCS to 500 yards.

More than you asked for ! 

Boats   

That's the problem with smokeless powder.   Years ago Bob Hagel  did some comprehensive test on temperature affect on smokless powder hunting loads.   The information is in his book, "Guns, Loads, & Hunting Tips," published by Wolfe Publishing in 1986.  Although he does not include black powder,  in my experience temperature doesn't seem to make much difference with black powder.  If I hunt with a black powder rifle, I load it with black powder.  I guess the lube might still make a difference though.   

George

Drove across Texas to the Whittington Center, New Mexico one summer and found all my match ammo looked like candle sticks as all the SPG lube had melted and ran down the bullet noses and pooled in the bottom of the box while traveling in the bed of the truck in 100+ temps. 

Now…our ammo magazine is an old beer ice chest that we keep cool for match ammo storage during hot conditions.

I only made it through one day at Spokane a couple of years back when it was at least 108 degrees,  I shot the .22 and .25 ISSA matches with a wet towel on my head, all the while coughing (turns out I had bronchitis). Sue Miller was about to call 911 for me.

Jack

I drove to Raton, New Mexico on a couple of occassions when temperatures were up to 110 F.

My bullets in the back of the truck never sloughed off their lube like happens with SPG because they were lubed with Alberta Schuetzen Lube.

When we developed Alberta Schuetzen Lube we tested firing a 100 rounds rapidly at 1,826 fps at 110 F. to demonstrate it's effectiveness at high temperatures.

Alberta Schuetzen Lube was tested at extreme low tempertures since we had Schuetzen competitions at the Spruce Grove, Alberta range when it was -40 F. as well.

Some shooters did minor increases in powder weights at colder temperatures to achieve the same point of impact.

I rarely adjusted my powder weights. 
Useally I just readjusted my sights to compensate for the difference. 

However accuarcy can be affected by many lubes that are not developed for the temperature extremes.