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Hot Topic (More than 10 Replies) Hammer/trigger relationship (Read 1811 times)
gwahir
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Hammer/trigger relationship
May 27th, 2023 at 11:27am
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I would like to know how to setup a hammer/trigger relationship correctly. I have used set triggers all my life and missed the very basic skill of cutting the hammer notch and the trigger in direct contact.
  
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Chuckster
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Re: Hammer/trigger relationship
Reply #1 - May 27th, 2023 at 1:47pm
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Wish I had a simple answer. A line from the hammer pivot to the full cock notch should be at right angles (90°) to a line between the sear nose and the sear pivot.
Too much one way and sear will not hold or require excessive sear spring.
Too much the other way and the sear must move the hammer to release.
Less than ideal geometry requires compromise in angles and sear spring but can usually be made to work.
Stevens usually has terrible geometry but can be tweaked to a nice trigger pull.
Chuck 
  
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HarrisHighwall
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Re: Hammer/trigger relationship
Reply #2 - May 27th, 2023 at 4:46pm
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I have some knowledge regarding Winchester Highwall single triggers.

Hammer , sear, knockoff, trigger and related springs.
plus hole size + location  and pins.

like any mechanical device it's all inter-related
but once understood is fairly straight forward!

if you need help with a Winchester single trigger I will share a
cad file with you that shows the geometric relationships I use.

as a general rule the engagement angle of the sear should
"push" the corresponding notch .001 or so to fire the gun.
the wrong angle achieves the accidental discharge quite nicely,
when closing the gun or handling shock or vibration 

triggers are rather critical so do your due diligence

Cordially,
Mark
  
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HarrisHighwall
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Re: Hammer/trigger relationship
Reply #3 - May 27th, 2023 at 4:51pm
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the same principles apply to a sear directly engaged to the hammer

minimum safe sear engagement, sharp square edges, a little "push" and don't forget the heavier the hammer spring the
heavier the trigger pull
and a screw to minimize trigger over-travel
and a light trigger return spring
all with reliable ignition and safety in mind
  
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HarrisHighwall
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Re: Hammer/trigger relationship
Reply #4 - May 27th, 2023 at 5:01pm
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after any trigger work 

clean , lubricate and safety test extensively ...
a subject to lengthy to cover here

always pay attention to muzzle direction and potential results of a discharge




  
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uscra112
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Re: Hammer/trigger relationship
Reply #5 - May 28th, 2023 at 2:57am
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Chuckster wrote on May 27th, 2023 at 1:47pm:
Wish I had a simple answer. A line from the hammer pivot to the full cock notch should be at right angles (90°) to a line between the sear nose and the sear pivot.
Too much one way and sear will not hold or require excessive sear spring.
Too much the other way and the sear must move the hammer to release.
Less than ideal geometry requires compromise in angles and sear spring but can usually be made to work.
Stevens usually has terrible geometry but can be tweaked to a nice trigger pull.
Chuck 


Never thought about it that way, but you're right.  The line from hammer notch/sear tip to the trigger axis has to be taken into account.  By inference the line from trigger axis to hammer notch should be exactly tangent to the circle about the hammer pivot upon which the hammer notch lies, yes?  Is this not true of the Stevens?  (Too late at night to go taking one apart.....)
  

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John Taylor
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Re: Hammer/trigger relationship
Reply #6 - May 28th, 2023 at 9:39am
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The trigger tip should be 90 degrees to the pivot point of the trigger. The notch in the hammer should be 90 degrees to the trigger pivot point. The pivot point of the hammer does not matter. Same hold true with a martini and the cocking lever. Both hammer and trigger should be hardened to reduce drag. When both parts are hardened it is possible to get a full size Remington rolling block under 2 pounds. Changing the angle on the hammer notch very slightly can reduce trigger pull. I usually use carbide end mills to cut both parts, give a very smooth surface on hard parts.
  

John Taylor   Machinist/gunsmith
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uscra112
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Re: Hammer/trigger relationship
Reply #7 - May 28th, 2023 at 8:03pm
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I think Chuck is right, but so is John.  Reason being that the relationship Chuck describes is frozen by the manufacturer, so the poor gunsmith is left to cope by using John's rule.   

A hammer/trigger design that doesn't have the 90 degree relationship is at a disadvantage, because pressure on the sear tip is increased.  Can't explain very well without CAD, or a blackboard and chalk, or a bunch of analytical geometry equations that I'm painfully rusty on.
  

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n.r.davis
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Re: Hammer/trigger relationship
Reply #8 - May 29th, 2023 at 9:09am
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I went to "The Single Shot Exchange" website and Lee Shaver has an Article he wrote about Triggers.  Worth reading and a Thank You to Lee for sharing.
  
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uscra112
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Re: Hammer/trigger relationship
Reply #9 - May 29th, 2023 at 9:47am
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Link?
  

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jfeldman
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Re: Hammer/trigger relationship
Reply #10 - May 29th, 2023 at 2:32pm
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That's a great article and thanks for mentioning it Davis!
    (You need to Login or Register to view media files and links);  

Regards, 
Joe
  
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HarrisHighwall
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Re: Hammer/trigger relationship
Reply #11 - Jun 1st, 2023 at 6:14pm
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Lee Shaver is an expert

attached is a pic of a CAD model of a SCALED hammer, sear, knockoff and trigger
with a closeup of the hammer sear engagement

I will send a dxf to those that requested it but as stated none of the measurements will work with a Winchester highwall
these are for a scaled down version I made


FYI   the sear and hammer notch were wire EDMed after heat treat resulting in a fine trigger pull but with tolerances not achievable by hand
  
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HarrisHighwall
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Re: Hammer/trigger relationship
Reply #12 - Jun 1st, 2023 at 6:15pm
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pic
  
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AJ
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Re: Hammer/trigger relationship
Reply #13 - Jun 1st, 2023 at 8:59pm
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I have been using the same technique for years with success.  I use number drills to determine the diameter of the hammer pivot hole, then select a drill bit 1/2 of that diameter that is inserted into the pivot hole to establish the centerline.  Then I set it up like the picture below.  The sear notch is set just above the vice jaws and stoned with the stone parallel to the jaws.  This method can be adjusted with larger or smaller diameter drill bits in the setup to fine tune the sear angle.   
  
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uscra112
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Re: Hammer/trigger relationship
Reply #14 - Jun 1st, 2023 at 10:10pm
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I wish I'd thought of that.!
  

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gwahir
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Re: Hammer/trigger relationship
Reply #15 - Jun 1st, 2023 at 10:38pm
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AJ wrote on Jun 1st, 2023 at 8:59pm:
I have been using the same technique for years with success.  I use number drills to determine the diameter of the hammer pivot hole, then select a drill bit 1/2 of that diameter that is inserted into the pivot hole to establish the centerline.  Then I set it up like the picture below.  The sear notch is set just above the vice jaws and stoned with the stone parallel to the jaws.  This method can be adjusted with larger or smaller diameter drill bits in the setup to fine tune the sear angle.  


Wow! Very well thought out! The degree of expertise on this forum is amazing.
  
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gwahir
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Re: Hammer/trigger relationship
Reply #16 - Jun 2nd, 2023 at 12:31pm
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bpjack wrote on Jun 1st, 2023 at 11:14pm:
Now I just need a junker receiver to cut out judiciously to see how the internals work in real-time.  

Jack



If the trigger and the hammer are both attached to the receiver it's self, it is likely that they could be attached to the exterior of the receiver using the same pins and screws, making the relationship easy to see. On the hand, if the hammer is attached to the breech block (winchester), that will not work and you will need to cut your old hi-wall apart to see the relationship; an image I will try very hard to get out of my mind!
  
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HarrisHighwall
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Re: Hammer/trigger relationship
Reply #17 - Jun 2nd, 2023 at 1:15pm
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AJ
that's some great thinking
amazing what old school machinists could do
I have to use computers 

here's a pic of block with 4 holes to study Win Highwall
geometry 
  
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AJ
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Re: Hammer/trigger relationship
Reply #18 - Jun 2nd, 2023 at 8:02pm
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Nice work on the block HarrisHighwall.  I wish that I could claim to be an old school machinist, but alas, I am just an old hobbyist.

On the vise sear stoning jig, the only time it has failed me was on an M1 carbine.  There is some odd geometry on the carbine hammers, and they need some camming to avoid going full auto.
  
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gwahir
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Ve gets too soon olt und
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Re: Hammer/trigger relationship
Reply #19 - Jun 2nd, 2023 at 8:42pm
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AJ wrote on Jun 1st, 2023 at 8:59pm:
I have been using the same technique for years with success.  I use number drills to determine the diameter of the hammer pivot hole, then select a drill bit 1/2 of that diameter that is inserted into the pivot hole to establish the centerline.  Then I set it up like the picture below.  The sear notch is set just above the vice jaws and stoned with the stone parallel to the jaws.  This method can be adjusted with larger or smaller diameter drill bits in the setup to fine tune the sear angle.  


What I like most about this method is how well it would adapt to using the milling machine vise and a carbide end mill. Eye sight and tactile input are not so good any more!
  
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AJ
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Re: Hammer/trigger relationship
Reply #20 - Jun 2nd, 2023 at 10:55pm
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The vise can be used as a fixture for stoning the trigger as well, I just don’t have a picture handy.  The setup is the same, except the engagement surface is made to just barely stick out the side of the vise.  The vise is then rotated so that the trigger sear engagement surface is up, and it is stoned parallel with the vise.  I generally the break the trailing edge slightly at about a 45 degree angle which has the same effect as making the hammer notch more shallow.
  
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