Probably mercury from the fulminate primers amalgamating with the brass, although generally this wasn’t a problem if black powder was used. Maybe the primers had extra fulminate for reliability. I thought I’d scored big with a bunch of .32-40 HV cases, back when old&used was all you could get, if you were lucky. After a couple cases broke in the resizing die and a couple more broke in the chamber on firing, I figured mercuric primers from the crystalline look of the brass at the breaks. It was easy, at least, to salvage the other components. I could snap the shells in two with my fingers, like we used to do with string beans out of the garden. Dump the powder in a cup, punch out the primers and tap the bullets out with a punch and a bench block. I would imagine “Lemishine” gets its name from the citric acid found in lemons. It’s too weak an acid to dissolve most metals, but it will form “complexes” with their oxides which are water soluble. Thus the rust, tarnish and other undesirable coatings on brass and steel goes away without dissolving and weakening the metals themselves. Unfortunately, in this case, if it wasn’t for the thin coating of aluminum oxide that forms on aluminum exposed to air, protecting the metal underneath, the aluminum would corrode and react with almost anything, including weak acids like citric acid. I’ve seen aluminum, amalgamated with mercury, grow oxide “feathers” and get too hot to touch, and seen finely divided aluminum catch fire on exposure to air. You’re removing this coating and dissolving the aluminum as you’re tumbling the cases, with the results you see. Replace the aluminum vanes with stiff sheet plastic and the problem should go away.
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