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joeb33050
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Optimum Barrel Time
Jun 12th, 2007 at 7:42am
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"drinks" on the Cast Boolits forum referred me to (You need to Login or Register to view media files and links) and Christopher Long's "Acoustic Shock Waves and the Optimal Barrel Time loading concept!"
I printed the 17 page paper and have read it maybe a dozen times. While I'm still unclear on some of it, this paper presents a predictive model for a set of accuracy zones determined by the optimum barrel times.
If we select one of the array of optmum barrel times corresponding to a node, then fiddle with Quickload to select a load with that barrel time, then that load (or one very close) should be a local accuracy maximum.
Christopher Long's model was derived, if I understand the paper, using relatively high speed jacketed bullets and close-to-full cases of powder.
In all I have read about barrel vibrations and harmonics and nodes (much, I suspect, due to that picture of the vibrating barrel in the Lyman handbook), this is the first predictive model I can remember. 
Now, does it work for cast bullets?
To find out, we can approach this thing from the other end. If we list a lot of accurate loads and their associated information, then we can plug that information into Quickload and find the barrel time for each load. We can then compare that barrel time with the array of optimum barrel time nodes, and see if the two barrel times match or are related.
So, will some of you send me your most accurate loads and info?   
Here's what I think is needed:

Barrel length (inches, bolt/breech block to muzzle)
Cartridge (Ex: 308 Win.)
Bullet  (Ex: Lyman 311041)
Bullet weight  (grains)
Bullet length  (inches)
Powder  (Ex: Unique)
Charge  (grains)
OAL  (cartridge overall length, inches)

Please send them here or to joeb33050@yahoo.com

Then I'll find some folks with Quickload to figure the barrel time, and compare the numbers to the numbers on the spreadsheet that I made. (I'll be happy to send the EXCEL spreadsheet to anyone who wants it.)

Maybe this will give us a method of predicting and finding accurate loads much faster and less expensively.

Thanks;
joe brennan 
  
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Brent
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Re: Optimum Barrel Time
Reply #1 - Jun 12th, 2007 at 8:48am
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Id be interested in seeing a picture of that vibrating barrel in Lyman's book.  I don't have the book myself - anyone have a copy of the picture they can post?
Brent
  
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boats
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Re: Optimum Barrel Time
Reply #2 - Jun 12th, 2007 at 11:58am
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Joe

It's a theory I don't believe

Boats
  
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joeb33050
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Re: Optimum Barrel Time
Reply #3 - Jun 12th, 2007 at 12:13pm
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Here it is. There are many guys who seem to know who say that the natural frequency of rifle barrels is 500-1000 cps (Hz today), hence the bullet is out of the barrel long before any node. I certainly don't know.
joe brennan
  
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joeb33050
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Re: Optimum Barrel Time
Reply #4 - Jun 12th, 2007 at 12:17pm
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boats wrote on Jun 12th, 2007 at 11:58am:
Joe

It's a theory I don't believe

Boats

I read it and the associated links stuff. There seems to be some/a lot of support in the jacketed bullet world. 
It seems to be worth testing.
It's (for me) very hard to read and understand. 
What makes it hard to believe?
By the way, the picture is PP 98 and 99 of Lyman's 47th. 
joe brennan
  
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Brent
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Re: Optimum Barrel Time
Reply #5 - Jun 12th, 2007 at 12:22pm
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Thanks for the photo.  It wasn't the one I was hoping for.  I have seen a paper on the resonance patterns of tubes with one end fixed. There is a common nodal point in there somewhere that I would like to know about, but not for these purposes so much as for sighting the location of the muzzle rest.

I've seen such a picture somewhere, but this isn't it.

Brent
  
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MartiniBelgian
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Re: Optimum Barrel Time
Reply #6 - Jun 12th, 2007 at 1:02pm
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This seems similar to the theory supporting the ladder method for developing loads  -FWIW, IME that one does seem to work...  The originator was some german scientist some time before WWI.  An article on it here:
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Fred Boulton
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Re: Optimum Barrel Time
Reply #7 - Jun 12th, 2007 at 2:40pm
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The old British SMLE .303 rifle was known to have "positive compensation". The barrel vibrations were such that the upward flip of the barrel as the bullet exited the muzzle compensated for variations in muzzle velocity. As a result, the later number 4 rifle was used at the shorter ranges in target comps, but many shooters reverted to the number 1 SMLE at ranges over 600 yds. There were many papers published on this subject and it is a fact that velocity can be tuned to barrel vibrations to optimised accuracy. Just don't ask me how to do it!
Fred.
  
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3sixbits
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Re: Optimum Barrel Time
Reply #8 - Jun 12th, 2007 at 3:23pm
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For your reading pleasure, enjoy. [url]  (You need to Login or Register to view media files and links) [/url]  Wink
  
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boats
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Re: Optimum Barrel Time
Reply #9 - Jun 12th, 2007 at 3:56pm
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There is no doubt light barrels flex and if held at one point or another the impact will change.  Anyone who has shot much prone with a tight sling can tell you that.

However the theory that holding the barrel at one point or another or there is a leingth that is better than another is what I think is an often repeated myth.  As long as the flex and recoil is consistent shot to shot it's praticatly unimportant.  It's the recoil, the way the rifle jumps off a bag or hold when fired that leads people down a false path that something more is working.

Or so I say

Boats
  
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Brent
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Re: Optimum Barrel Time
Reply #10 - Jun 12th, 2007 at 4:08pm
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boats wrote on Jun 12th, 2007 at 3:56pm:
There is no doubt light barrels flex and if held at one point or another the impact will change.  Anyone who has shot much prone with a tight sling can tell you that.

While I don't doubt that they flex - I don't see how prone or sling shooting can prove anything about the fact that they flex.

Quote:
However the theory that holding the barrel at one point or another or there is a leingth that is better than another is what I think is an often repeated myth.

Maybe - maybe not.  I will say that I consistently need 2-4 MOA of elevation if I move the front rest from the forearm to just back of the muzzle.  Flex seems to be a good explanation (as opposed to vibration).   


  
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marlinguy
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Re: Optimum Barrel Time
Reply #11 - Jun 12th, 2007 at 7:47pm
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Wasn't this the theory for Browning's adjustable muzzle brake on their bolt action rifles? Seems to me they advertised it as a way to tune the barrel to get more accuracy.
  
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3sixbits
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Re: Optimum Barrel Time
Reply #12 - Jun 12th, 2007 at 11:20pm
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I'm reminded of the test Old Harold McFarland wrote about many years ago to show how vibration effected a barrel.

He placed a barreled action in a vise and laid lead wires across the barrel in four equal divided places. He then wacked the receiver in the vise with a leather mallet. 

The effect was interesting to note how the wires moved into different positions.

As I recall, this is what he referred to (the position of the wires) as the nodes.

I don't pretend to know the answers to questions about barrel harmonics, but I do know the answers I've gotten when I've asked every top flight barrel maker in the country, about what taper and length gives the best accuracy. To a man the reply has been, minimum taper, thicker dia and shorter length.
  
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Cat_Whisperer
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Re: Optimum Barrel Time
Reply #13 - Jun 13th, 2007 at 6:09am
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3sixbits -

THANKS!  I'd heard of that before but forgotten.  That is the low-tech method of determing the nodes of the natural resonance of a clamped barrel!

Which is to say one could use the same technique when adding or moving a barrel weight.  Of course there would be load development to adjust the timing of the bullet exit to coincide, but that at least would pretune to a natural resonant point.

  

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Brent
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Re: Optimum Barrel Time
Reply #14 - Jun 13th, 2007 at 7:15am
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Quote:

I don't pretend to know the answers to questions about barrel harmonics, but I do know the answers I've gotten when I've asked every top flight barrel maker in the country, about what taper and length gives the best accuracy. To a man the reply has been, minimum taper, thicker dia and shorter length.



It is interesting to note that Bill Calfee does not agree with this with respect to .22 barrels and he is definitely a person to be respected in the .22 benchrest world.  Thin barrels plus tuners win out as far as he is concerned.

Brent
  
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J.D.Steele
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Re: Optimum Barrel Time
Reply #15 - Jun 13th, 2007 at 12:20pm
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Minimum taper, thicker diameter and shorter length all add up to less whip movement at the muzzle which will make load development a lot easier in the absence of a tuner, by varying the load to optimize barrel time and thus bullet exit time. A tuner allows the whip to be adjusted to the particular barrel time of that particular load in that particular barrel, to ensure bullet exit at one end or the other of the whip cycle. Both methods work, one by adjusting the barrel time (via the load) to coincide with the whip cycle and the other by adjusting the timing of the whip cycle (via the tuner) to coincide with the load's barrel time.

Both methods will lead to better accuracy by ensuring that the bullet exits the muzzle at either one end or the other of the whip cycle, when the muzzle is 'dwelling' for a moment as it first slows, then stops, and then finally reverses its whip movement.

Which method is better? I believe it will vary by the particular barrel and chambering, and I further believe that no mathematical formula will ever be developed that will accurately and reliably predict anything for more than one barrel or one type of barrel at a time.

Reason? There are far too many variables in the manufacture and fitting of rifle barrels for anyone to be able to make an accurate prediction of their exact movements. A few variables: installation torque, thread fit, type of action, type of breeching, exact chambering, throat shape, fit of forearm, perpendicularity of breechblock face, mating of barrel shoulder with receiver face, action of cutters and/or buttoning heads when forming the barrel's bore and rifling, the particular batch of steel from which the barrel was made, anything attached to the barrel such as scope mounts or similar, etc etc ad infinitum.
Very interesting, JMO, regards, Joe
  
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oldbluelight
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Re: Optimum Barrel Time
Reply #16 - Jun 13th, 2007 at 9:04pm
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FWIW Just a few more variables to throw into the mix. Vibrations will begin in the rifle as the sear moves, more vibrations when the energy of the mainspring is released, more when hammer strikes the firing pin, more when the firing pin strikes the primer, more when the case rim or shoulder makes firm contact with the chamber, more when the primer ignites, more when the powder ignites,more when the primer cup slams into the breech face, more when the case wall makes contact with the chamber, more when the bullet breaks the grip of the case neck, more when the bullet moves into and/or in the rifling (that -even with lubrication- should be similar to a bow drawn over a violin string). Which of these vibrations are capable of energizing the entire barrel? Does propellant ignition trump all others? Do they all travel through steel at the same velocity? Whew! I'm sure glad we don't have to figure all this out to make it work.
  
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joeb33050
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Re: Optimum Barrel Time
Reply #17 - Jun 14th, 2007 at 4:17am
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The kind of barrel vibration you guys are talking about is not the kind of barrel vibration C. Long is talking about, and using to forecast. He's talking about a stress wave moving from chamber to muzzle and bouncing back and forth.
The first 3 loads checked showed one on the money and two close. We need more loads.
joe brennan
  
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3sixbits
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Re: Optimum Barrel Time
Reply #18 - Jun 15th, 2007 at 3:42pm
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To a man the reply has been, minimum taper, thicker dia and shorter length. [/quote]


It is interesting to note that Bill Calfee does not agree with this with respect to .22 barrels and he is definitely a person to be respected in the .22 benchrest world.  Thin barrels plus tuners win out as far as he is concerned.

Brent
[/quote]

I would, in no way dispute that Mr. Calfee is the KING of benchrest rimfire gunsmiths. What I don't see is how a tuner would do much for a short thick barrel. Tuners are not a new idea are they folks?

The barrels I've had in my life that threw down the occasional "O" group have not been long whippy, thin barrels. 

Nor have they been fluted. In fact they have always been (the few) .224 center fire barrels. Only one that came close that was not a .224 was a .243. None in .308 came close.

When I used to buy 12 barrels a year to get ready for benchrest season, I figured I had about one chance in 12 of getting a great barrel. For the truly great hummer barrel, one chance in say 36 was closer to the truth.

I would sure like to have the contact information for Ron Smith. I would like to be able to say, (before I leave this mortal coil) that I had a cut rifled barrel that really shot. Cry 
  
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