I have what I belive is a c sharps deluxe mid range. I belive it is graduated in 10s on the staff and 5 lines on the slider I think are graduated in 2s? I dont quite understand as I am new to tang sights.

I also have a C Sharps sight like yours.  I have used vernier sights before but this one has me baffled also.  The elevation screw is 40 threads to the inch so one turn moves sight .025 
thousands of an inch so one turn is about 2 1/4 minute of angle depending on your sight radius that is how I make fine adjustments with mine.  The lines are just reference marks.   
By the way did you notice when you tighten the eye piece it only stops the wind age from moving not the elevation.  The threaded hole below the sight window fits a 4-40 screw and I have a brass screw in there to lock the elevation from moving.  I believe this is a poor designed sight and I believe it is more of a gallery or hunting sight, set it and forget it.  Just my take on the whole thing.  If I was going to use the rifle in competition I would buy a good Soule sight.  Good luck Charlie