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AZshot
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Stevens possible 414 but crescent butt
Jan 20th, 2021 at 6:13am
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Hi, what is this .22 Short Stevens I just bought (cheap)?  I studied it for several days, and cannot find any comparable ones.  That tells me it's been modified or is very uncommon.  What I think started as a 414 Armory model, has some unusual features.  Crescent butt, short fore arm, no sling swivels.  

I'm a little concerned that wood looks recently finished, there is a screw or fitting on the tang (no better pics), and that the drop of the stock is so steep it's going to be hard to hold and shoot.  What do you think? Could this be an original buttstock?  What is this rifle, or was it?

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Sure shot
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Re: Stevens possible 414 but crescent butt
Reply #1 - Jan 20th, 2021 at 6:38am
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Looks like a 414 to me. Someone modified the forearm, the buttstock was replaced probably from a 44, after the original stock was broken when someone dropped the rifle and bent the tangs. At least that’s my guess.

Not a bad looking rifle, actually. If it’s got a decent bore it should make a good shooter. It has the original rear receiver sight which is often missing. Perhaps the tangs could be heated up and bent back, but there is the danger of breaking them off. They don’t need to be bent far, if it was my rifle I’d take the chance.
« Last Edit: Jan 20th, 2021 at 7:10am by Sure shot »  
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AZshot
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Re: Stevens possible 414 but crescent butt
Reply #2 - Jan 20th, 2021 at 10:04am
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Ah-so!  Bent tangs, I can almost see it, and think you're right.  Maybe I'll learn gunsmithing and get a torch on it....  But first it has to arrive.
  
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marlinguy
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Re: Stevens possible 414 but crescent butt
Reply #3 - Jan 20th, 2021 at 10:30am
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If they're done carefully the tangs can be bent cold, but need to support them, and slowly press them. I have an arbor press that takes a typical hand pull so I know from the feel how hard I'm pressing. I've bent tangs back previously, and never had one crack using the little arbor press.
  

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Re: Stevens possible 414 but crescent butt
Reply #4 - Jan 20th, 2021 at 10:49am
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Thanks.  I'll report back when I get it and take the stock off.  To me, the top one looks bent downwards, but the bottom one does not.  Which would be strange.  Also, if I bend them up, I presume the wood will have to be shaved to match the new angle, against the receiver?
  
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Re: Stevens possible 414 but crescent butt
Reply #5 - Jan 20th, 2021 at 11:43am
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Yes, I'd say that this rifle was originally a Model 414.  Also, since the current butt stock is not the original, once you've rebent the tang(s), it might be less work to fit yet another butt stock, especially if you want a flat rather than a curved butt.  Loose 414 originals are hard to find, but reproductions are likely available from CPA, Treebone, etc., while reproduction butt plates are made by N. C. Ordinance, Inc., Vintage Gun Grips, and likely others.

Bill Lawrence
« Last Edit: Jan 20th, 2021 at 11:57am by MrTipUp »  
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Re: Stevens possible 414 but crescent butt
Reply #6 - Jan 20th, 2021 at 1:24pm
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I restocked my 414 but the original butt stock had been shortened and had an attachment point for a cheek rest as it was being shot with a scope. I'll take some before and after pics with both stocks and add them here later. I'm guessing that an original stock might have been halfway between my old one and my new long one. I'm assuming that my old one has been shortened but I believe that some felt that a shorter stock was more conducive to offhand shooting. Maybe someone with a 414 will check in with a measurement.
« Last Edit: Jan 21st, 2021 at 12:26am by oneatatime »  
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marlinguy
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Re: Stevens possible 414 but crescent butt
Reply #7 - Jan 20th, 2021 at 4:29pm
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AZshot wrote on Jan 20th, 2021 at 10:49am:
Thanks.  I'll report back when I get it and take the stock off.  To me, the top one looks bent downwards, but the bottom one does not.  Which would be strange.  Also, if I bend them up, I presume the wood will have to be shaved to match the new angle, against the receiver?


Yes, it will need to have some wood removed to adjust the angle, which likely means the inletting for the tangs will need to be set deeper to move the stock forward once you've changed the angle. And likely need to plug the tang screw holes, and drill new ones once all that is done.
As Bill mentioned, it might be a lot less work to fit another stock. But if it's another used stock it might also need just as much work. So I'd probably at least try refitting this one first.
  

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Re: Stevens possible 414 but crescent butt
Reply #8 - Jan 20th, 2021 at 5:21pm
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I feel I can do the woodwork, but not the tang metal bending.  That scares me.  May have to take it to a local gunsmith and ask him to heat and bend it.  But I'll know more once I get it, and will post more.
  
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marlinguy
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Re: Stevens possible 414 but crescent butt
Reply #9 - Jan 20th, 2021 at 6:17pm
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AZshot wrote on Jan 20th, 2021 at 5:21pm:
I feel I can do the woodwork, but not the tang metal bending.  That scares me.  May have to take it to a local gunsmith and ask him to heat and bend it.  But I'll know more once I get it, and will post more.


I'd avoid heating it for such a small deflection. I don't think it will crack if done slowly, and supported in the right places.
An inexpensive Harbor freight arbor press is a great tool for this, and many other tasks.


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Re: Stevens possible 414 but crescent butt
Reply #10 - Jan 20th, 2021 at 7:53pm
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Good deal, thanks for showing that.
  
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Re: Stevens possible 414 but crescent butt
Reply #11 - Jan 20th, 2021 at 10:43pm
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I believe just the top tang is bent.I am quite sure it can be straightened without heat, just go slow and easy. I believe that it's a 44 buttstock. 
Lee Gibbs pres.ASSRA
  
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Re: Stevens possible 414 but crescent butt
Reply #12 - Jan 21st, 2021 at 4:48am
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I’ve had two Stevens 44 1/2’s with bent tangs from shipping. Dang usps! The first one was shipped to CPA, and they fixed it for me. The second barreled action 44 1/2 was sent out for reboring, and when I got it back the top tang was bent. I used a piece of white pvc plastic pipe about 18” long, so it wouldn’t mar the tang, and carefully bent it back cold. I suggested using heat to bend the tangs on the 414, due to the 44 action being cast rather than forged. Never ship a barreled action when the action has tangs without really protecting the tangs, or better yet, leave them apart.
  
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Re: Stevens possible 414 but crescent butt
Reply #13 - Jan 21st, 2021 at 8:07am
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OK, we have some saying do not heat the tang to bend, others saying do!  Would it hurt it to heat it?  I don't see much case hardening colors left, it may have even been reblued on the receiver, hard to tell on the pics.  How hot if I was to heat it?  Just to the smoking point, or red?  I'm no blacksmith, I'd be doing this work as a hack - never done anything other than weld.  If it does crack, will welding be an option to fix it?  Or is the gun toast?
  
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Re: Stevens possible 414 but crescent butt
Reply #14 - Jan 21st, 2021 at 7:40pm
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Model 44 receivers are malleable iron.  Cast iron that has been soaked at high temperature in an oxidizing matrix (usually mill scale, i.e. rust), long enough for most of the carbon to be  leached out. The oxygen combines with the carbon to form CO gas, which exits the vessel.  What's left is akin to a low carbon steel, but with some spherical nodules of carbon still in the metal.   

Heating to a dull red, or less, to bend the tangs will do it no harm.   

What you must not do is heat it to the point that the carbon nodules go back into solution, because the result when cooled will be a brittle, high-carbon steel.  I don't have any authoritative information about what that temperature is, but we can assume that it is above the temperature used for case hardening, and below that needed to fusion weld.  (It's pretty well known that welding malleable does dissolve the nodules, leaving the weld zone very brittle.)
  

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